What is the influence of peers on the development of a child? - ExamTest 13

Questions

Question 1

From which of the following we cannot notice that two young children are friends?

1. They defend each other.
2. They can verbally tell who their friends are. 
3. They will call for help when their friend is upset. 
4. They prefer to play with their friends than with nonfriends. 

Question 2

Which term is described by the following? Peer groups that children voluntarily form or join themselves, usually of the same sex and race. 

1. A clique.
2. A crowd.
3. A gang.
4. A mob.

Question 3

Which of the following is not a sociometric status?

1. Rejected children.
2. Average children.
3. Bullied children.
4. Neglected children.

Question 4

What's true about bullied children?

1. Friends can be a buffer when experiencing unpleasant events.
2. They are often aggressive.
3. They often have insensitive parents.
4. They often have a controversial sociometric status.

Question 5

What is NOT a bidirectional relationship?

1. Someone who is bullied often has few friends.
2. Someone who is 4 years old is aggressive. That is why he is also aggressive when he is 8 years old. That is why he is also aggressive when he is 12 years old.
3. Someone who is depressed does not sleep well.
4. Someone who experiences conflict at home often experiences conflict at school as well.

Question 6

If you have always rejected in your childhood, you are more likely to develop ...

1. Internalizing problems and externalizing problems.
2. Depression.
3. Internalizing problems and social problems.
4. Externalizing problems and social problems.

Question 7

Compared to adolescents, young primary school children view friendships more in terms of:

1. Sharing the same activities.
2. Sharing the same attitude.
3. Sharing the same ideas.
4. Sharing personal information.

Question 8

The ten-year-old Thomas is social, good at sports, and has a great sense of humor, but he is also aggressive and sometimes disruptive. His classmates see him as conceited. When sociometric status is mapped, Thomas would likely be categorized as:

1. Ignored.
2. Controversial.
3. Average.
4. Ignored.

Question 9

Friendships emerge in early childhood as children become more capable of cooperation and coordinated interactions, and as they learn to trust those individuals whom they consider to be friends. Which of the following statements is not true of these early childhood friendships?

1. Preschool friends are more likely than nonfriends to resume interactions with each other following a conflict.
2. Preschool friends quarrel less with each other than they do with nonfriends.
3. Preschool friends tend to resolve conflicts in an equitable manner.
4. Pretend play occurs more often between friends than nonfriends.

Question 10

Tyler thinks of himself as socially awkward. He has a few close firends, but tends to be shy around most peers and adults. He is more comfortable on social media, where he tends to express his emotions more openly. Tyler's experience supports which perspective on the impact of social media on development?

1. The rich-get-richer hypothesis.
2. The sociometric status perspective.
3. The social-compensation hypothesis.
4. Selman's perspective.

Question 11

What does the term deviancy training refer to?

1. An intervention to discourage aggressive tendencies by encouraging supportive peer interactions.
2. Parental interactions that have the unintended consequence of increasing risky and aggressive behaviors in children.
3. The process through which antisocial youth reinforce aggressive and deviant tendencies in one another.
4. A school-based intervention to provide methods for teachers and other adults to maintain order among at-risk children.

Question 12

According to research, which of the following is true of relationships between girls in middle childhood and adolescence compared with those of boys of the same ages?

1. Girls' friendships tend to last longer than those of boys.
2. Girls are less likely than boys to dicuss their problems and negative thoughts.
3. Girls are more likely than boys to desire closeness and to worry about abondonment from their friends.
4. Girls tend to engage in more conflict with their best friend than do boys.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about cyberbullying is true?

1. Cyberbullying is more common in classrooms where students are accepting of bullying in general.
2. There are more children who say they are perpetrators of cyberbullying than children who say they are victims of cyberbullying.
3. Gay, lesbian, and bisexual students are twice as likely as heterosexual students to be cyberbullied.
4. There are more children who say they are victims of cyberbullying than chidlren who say they are perpetrators of cyberbullying.

Question 14

Alex tend to be cooperative and sociable but also prone to outburst and can be disruptive in class. Alex is well liked by some classmates but disliked by others. Which of the following best describes Alex's sociometric status?

1. Confused.
2. Aggressive-rejected.
3. Controversial.
4. Popular-unpopular.

Question 15

Friendships in adolescence tend to be more ... .

1. Stable.
2. Co-dependent.
3. Harmful.
4. Exclusive.

Answers

Question 1

B. Young children cannot verbally tell who their friends are.

Question 2

A. Crowds are groups of people who have similar stereotyped reputations, like the jocks, freaks or geeks. A gang is a loosely organized group of adolescents or young adults who identify as a group and often engage in illegal activities. 

Question 3

C. Other possible sociometric statuses are popular children and controversial children. 

Question 4

A. Friends can be a buffer when experiencing unpleasant events.

Question 5

B. Someone who is 4 years old is aggressive. That is why he is also aggressive when he is 8 years old. That is why he is also aggressive when he is 12 years old. This is a one-way relationship.

Question 6

A. There is an increased risk for internalizing and externalizing problems.

Question 7 

A. Sharing the same activities.

Question 8

B. Controversial.

Question 9

B. Preschool friends quarrel less with each other than they do with nonfriends.

Question 10

C. The social-compensation hypothesis states that those who perceive their offline social networks to have undesirable characteristics seek to compensate by developing more extensive online social networks.

Question 11

C. Deviancy training is the process through which antisocial youth reinforce aggressive and deviant tendencies in one another.

Question 12

C. Girls are more likely than boys to desire closeness and to worry about abondonment from their friends.

Question 13

B. There are more children who say they are perpetrators of cyberbullying than children who say they are victims of cyberbullying.

Question 14

C. Controversial.

Question 15

D. Exclusive.