ExamTips with Psychology by Gray and Bjorklund - 8th edition

What are the foundations of the study of psychology? - ExamTickets 1

• The book emphasizes the three fundamental ideas for psychology. It is therefore important to know these by heart and to understand them well. It is to be expected that several questions will be asked about this.
• Collaboration between academic fields is becoming increasingly important. Make sure you can explain what the definition of psychology is and how psychology is related to other academic fields.

What are the methods in psychology? - ExamTickets 2

• When learning the different types of research methods, it can help to put them in a table and to note the similarities and differences. These methods are important to know for the rest of the study, so questions about this can be expected.
• The book emphasizes some forms of bias that people may encounter while doing research. Because of this emphasis, it is to be expected that questions will be asked about those biases during the exam.

How do genetics and evolution form the foundation for behaviour? - ExamTickets 3

• Because of the book's emphasis on evolutionary theory and the fact that evolutionary theory is the current paradigm, it is wise to understand and be able to explain this theory well. It is to be expected that questions will be asked about this theory and / or that situations must be explained from this theory.
• Among other things, the following terms are important terms from this chapter: adaptation, epigenetics, evolution, functionalism, and natural selection. Make sure you understand and understand these terms by heart before the exam.

How do neurons control behaviour? - ExamTickets 4

• Because of the book's emphasis on neurons and their functionality, it is important to memorize this and be able to explain it properly. Because of the emphasis, it is to be expected that questions will be asked about it on the exam.
• Among other things, the following terms are important terms from this chapter: (Brocas and Wernicke’s) aphasia, association areas, hormones, and neurons. Make sure you understand them and know these terms by heart for the exam.

What are the mechanisms of motivation and emotion? - ExamTickets 5

• Because of the book's emphasis on the general principles of motivation, it is important to memorize this and be able to explain it properly. Because of the emphasis, it is to be expected that questions will be asked about the exam.
• Among other things, the following terms are important terms from this chapter: central-state theory of drives, discrete emotion theory, dopamine, emotion, motivation, non-REM sleep, and REM sleep. Make sure you understand and know these terms by heart before the exam.

How does psychophysics study the senses? – ExamTickets 6

• Because of the book's emphasis on sensation and perception, it is important to memorize this and to be able to explain it properly, including the difference between the two. Because of the emphasis, it is to be expected that questions will be asked about it on the exam.
• The following terms, among others, are important terms from this chapter: absolute threshold, difference threshold, gate control theory, perception, psychophysics, sensation, signal detection theory and Weber's law. Make sure you understand and know these terms by heart before the exam.

How does the psychology of vision work? - ExamTickets 7

• Because of the book's emphasis on how the eye works, it is important to memorize this and be able to explain it properly. Because of the emphasis, it is to be expected that questions will be asked about it on the exam.
• The book also emphasizes two major theories about color vision. Make sure you know the similarities and differences between these theories and can explain them well.

What basic processes underly learning? - ExamTickets 8

• Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are important concepts in psychology. It is wise to properly learn and understand these concepts and the associated terms (such as conditioned response and conditioned stimulus), because it is to be expected that questions will be asked about this during the exam. Make sure that you have the differences and similarities clear to yourself.
• Among other things, the following terms are important terms from this chapter: play, exploration, social learning, behavior sim, law of effect, and reflex. Make sure you understand and understand these terms by heart before the exam.

How do memory, attention, and consciousness interact? - ExamTickets 9

• Because of the emphasis of the book on the information processing model of the mind, it is important to memorize this and to be able to explain it properly. Because of the emphasis, it is to be expected that questions will be asked about the exam.

• Among other things, the following terms are important terms from this chapter: anterograde amnesia, attention, central executive, consciousness, consolidation, dual-processing theories, encoding, executive functions, memory, retrieval, retrograde amnesia, schema and scripts. Make sure you understand and understand these terms by heart before the exam.

• There are very many types of memory. To learn these well and to know the distinction between the different types well, it can help to place them in a table. This gives you an overview.

How does intelligence and cognition work? - ExamTickets 10

• Because of the book's emphasis on inductive and deductive reasoning, it is important to memorize this and to be able to explain it properly. Because of the emphasis, it is to be expected that questions will be asked about the exam.
• To succeed at the first point, it may be useful to write down the characteristics of the different types of reasoning point by point with examples. Doing this increases the chance that you will remember it for the exam.

How did thought and language develop? - ExamTickets 11

• Due to the book's emphasis on Piaget's theory, Vygotsky's theory and the information processing model of cognitive development, it is important to memorize them and be able to explain them properly. Because of the emphasis, it is to be expected that questions will be asked about it on the exam.
• It may be useful to write down the characteristics of the different theories point by point with examples in a table. Doing this increases the chance that you will remember all of it on the exam.

What is the course of psychosocial development? – ExamTickets 12

• Because of the book's emphasis on attachment, it is important to memorize this and to be able to explain it properly, including the difference between the different types of attachment. Because of the emphasis, it is to be expected that questions will be asked about it on the exam.
• Among other things, the following terms are important terms from this chapter: attachment, parenting styles, and strange-situation test. Make sure you understand these terms by heart before the exam.

What is social psychology? - ExamTickets 13

• Because of the emphasis of the book on the perception of others and the perception of self, it is important to memorize this and to be able to explain it properly. Because of the emphasis, it is to be expected that questions will be asked about it on the exam.
• Among other things, the following terms are important terms from this chapter: attribution, cognitive dissonance theory, groupthink, self-confidence, social psychology, and stereotype. Make sure you understand these terms by heart before the exam.

What is personality psychology? – ExamTickets 14

• Because of the book's emphasis on personality and the psychodynamic theory of personality, it is important to memorize this and be able to explain it well. Because of the emphasis, it is to be expected that questions will be asked about it on the exam.
• Among other things, the following terms are important terms from this chapter: defense mechanisms, five-factor model, grit, locus of control, personality, projection, rationalization and trait. Make sure you understand these terms by heart before the exam.

What psychological dysfunctionalities exist? – ExamTickets 15

• This entire chapter is about mental disorders. Make sure that you can explain how these disorders are defined and categorized and how culture influences this. This is very important within clinical psychology and therefore it is to be expected that questions will be asked about this during the exam.
• The following terms, among others, are important terms from this chapter: anxiety disorders, mood disorders, personality disorders, DSM-5, phobia, reliability and validity. Make sure you understand and understand these terms by heart before the exam.

What kind of treatment exists for psychological disorders? – ExamTickets 16

• There are different approaches to the treatment of mental disorders, namely the biological, psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral and cognitive approaches. It goes without saying that questions about this will most likely come up during the exam. To learn the approaches well and also to know the differences and the similarities well, it is useful to put this in a table.
• Among other things, the following terms are important terms from this chapter: behavioral therapy, clinical psychology, cognitive therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, person-centered therapy, psychodynamic therapy and transfer (transference). Make sure you understand and understand these terms by heart before the exam.