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Article summaries with Applied Cognitive Psychology at Leiden University - 2024/2025

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Article summaries with Clinical Psychology at Leiden University

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• Book title: Thinking, fast and slow
• Author: Kahneman
• Edition: 1st edition

What is the book 'Thinking, fast and slow' by Kahneman about?

• Thinking, Fast and Slow is an internationally renowned book written for anyone interested in personal well-being and human development.The book gives a schematic explanation of how people can make better choices by describing how our thinking interprets past, future, and present situations in correct and incorrect ways.
• Thinking, fast and slow’, a New York Times bestseller and multiple prize winner, is a highly praised book that provides us many insights into the human mind. It is seen as a guide to detecting and correcting our biased misunderstandings of the world. We see ourselves as rational thinkers and decision makers, but this book demonstrates how we are subject to many systematic errors, which we are not even aware of or tend to ignore.
• The author, Daniel Kahneman, won the Nobel Prize in economics in 2002. Kahneman collaborated with psychologist Amos Tversky until his death in 1996, they together produced a fair amount of the research mentioned in this book. He brings in his own research, as well as that of other renowned experts (psychologists, economists, statisticians). Kahneman (1934) is Eugene Higgins Professor of Psychology Emeritus at Princeton University and Professor of Psychology and Public Affairs Emeritus at Princeton’s Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. Kahneman is considered one of the greatest psychologists. He provides new insights into the understanding of risk, cognitive psychology, behavioral economics, the study of well-being and happiness and the analysis of reason and rationality. It is not only an important read for people who want to learn about human behaviour, the findings are valuable to investors, businesses, consumers, teachers, physicians, politicians, marketers and many others.
• The book focuses mostly on biases of intuition. Kahneman’s aim is improving the ability to identify and understand errors of judgment and choice, particularly in ourselves, by presenting a view of how the mind works that draws on recent developments in social and cognitive psychology (as opposed to many authors who discuss earlier research). One of these developments is the better understanding of the flaws and wonders of intuitive thought.
• The book is mainly about the distinction between fast and slow thinking, which Kahneman refers to as ‘System 1’ and ‘System 2.“Thinking, fast and slow’ is divided into five parts. Parts 1 discusses the basis elements of this two-system approach to judgment and choice. It demonstrates the distinction between System 1 (automatic operations) and System 2 (controlled operations) and how associative memory, the heart of System 1, consistently creates a coherent interpretation of what is happening around us. This automatic process underlies intuitive thinking and explains the heuristics of judgment. Part 2 is about new insights into judgment heuristics and why it is so hard to think statistically in contrary to thinking associatively. Part 3 demonstrates a significant limitation of our mind: the excessive confidence

Study material and exam info

Blocks 1 & 3

Applied Cognitive Psychology

• Study material: Articles via Brightspace
• About the exam: The final grade is a weighted average of the exam (40%) and two projects (60%)
• Examdates: 22 oktober 2024

Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology

• Study material: Articles via Brightspace
  • week 1:
    • Scherer, K.R. (2000). Emotion. In M. Hewstone & W. Stroebe (Eds.). Introduction to Social Psychology: A European perspective (3rd. ed., pp. 151-191). Oxford: Blackwell
  • week 2:
    • Buss, K.A., & Kiel, E.J. (2004). Comparison of sadness, anger, and fear facial expressions when toddlers look at their mothers. Child development, 75, 1761-1773. 
    • Novin, S., Bos, M.G.N., Stevenson, C.E., Rieffe, C. (2018). Adolescents’ responses to online peer conflict: How self-evaluation and ethnicity matter. Infant Child Development, 27:e2067 
  • week 3:
    • van Zonneveld, L., Platje, E., de Sonneville, L., Van Goozen, S., & Swaab, H. (2017). Affective empathy, cognitive empathy and social attention in children at high risk of criminal behaviour. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58(8), 913-921.
    • Glenn, A. L., & McCauley, K. E. (2019). How biosocial research can improve interventions for antisocial behavior. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 35(1), 103-119. 
  • week 4:
    • Broekhof, E., Bos, M. G. N., & Rieffe, C. (2021). The roles of shame and guilt in the development of aggression in adolescents with and without hearing loss. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, 49, 891-904. doi: 10.1007/s10802-021-00769-1.
    • Tangney, J. P., Stuewig, J., & Mashek, D. J. (2007). Moral emotions and moral behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 345-372. 
  • week 5:
    • Sheeber, L. B. et al. (2009). Dynamics of affective experience and behavior in depressed adolescents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50, 1419-1427.
    • Du Pont, A., et al. (2018). Rumination and psychopathology: Are anger and depressive rumination differentially associated with internalizing and externalizing psychopathology? Clinical Psychological Science, 6, 18-31. 
  • week 6:
    • Wierenga L.M., Ruigrok A., Aksnes E.R., Barth C., Beck D., Burke S., et al. (2024). Recommendations for a better understanding of sex and gender in the neuroscience of mental health. Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci. 4100283 
  • week 7:
    • Krieger, Piškur, B., Schulze, C., Jakobs, U., Beurskens, A., & Moser, A. (2018). Supporting and hindering environments for participation of adolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder: A scoping