Examtests with Essentials of Organizational Behavior: An Evidence-Based Approach by Scandura - 2nd edition

What is organizational behavior? - ExamTests 1

Questions with chapter 1

Question 1

Which of the following is an output variable according to the OB model?

1. Group roles
2. Power and politics
3. Attitudes
4. Critical thinking

Question 2

Theo’s employees volunteer to do their task and they are willing to negotiate the objectives and procedures. Which feature of the participative management style does it represent?

1. Commitment
2. Mastery
3. Self-management
4. Engagement

Question 3

What are the three primary determinants of behavior in organizations?

1. Profit structure, organizational complexity, and culture
2. Individuals, groups, and structure
3. Individuals, groups, and performance
4. Groups, structure, and profit structure

Question 4

Nero is a manager at a mid-sized consulting first. Within his role, he is responsible for motivating those under him to go out and meet new clients. Which of the four managerial activities is Nero exhibiting?

1. Human resource management
2. Traditional management
3. Communication
4. Networking

Question 5

The belief that "violence is wrong" is an evaluative statement. Such an opinion constitutes the ________ component of an attitude.

1. Cognitive
2. Affective
3. Reflective
4. Behavioral

Question 6

Evidence-based management bases decisions on which of the following?

1. The best available data
2. Employee opinion
3. Gut feelings and intuition
4. Customer opinion

Question 7

Barack is a married, bilingual, African-American construction worker. Based on the organizational behavior model, this data represents which of the following to Barack's new employer?

1. Inputs
2. Outcomes
3. Process
4. Model

Question 8

Measuring an employees' job satisfaction is a topic of organizational psychology ?

1. At the individual level
2. At the group level
3. At the organizational level
4. At all of the above

Answers with chapter 1

Question 1

C. Attitudes.

Question 2

A. Commitment.

Question 3

B. Individuals, groups, and structure.

Question 4

A. Human resource management.

Question 5

A. Cognitive.

Question 6

A. The best available data.

Question 7

A. Inputs.

Question 8

A. At the individual level.

Does personality matter? - ExamTests 2

Questions with chapter 2

Question 1

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding personality?

1. In organizational behaviour, personality is conceptualized as traits.
2. It involves the ways in which individuals react and interact with others.
3. It is measured using the MPS score.
4. Personality affects job satisfaction.

Question 2

Mayan says that the Myers-Briggs Indicator has a high scientific validity. Katie says that Myers-Briggs is unrelated to work outcomes such as performance. Who is right?

1. Both of them
2. Mayan
3. Katie
4. No one

Question 3

Corné does not feel guilty when his actions hurt his coworkers. In general, he acts without concern of how his actions affect others. Which trait does it reflect?

1. Neuroticism
2. Machiavellianism
3. Narcissism
4. Psychopathy

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true about personality?

1. Personality is independent of environmental factors.
2. Personality is static.
3. The most common means of measuring personality is through personal interviews.
4. Personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with.

Question 5

What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "E or I" stand for?

1. Extraverted/intuitive
2. Emotional/introverted
3. Extraverted/introverted
4. Emotional/intuitive

Question 6

Hannah is a highly motivated professional who likes to take on new tasks and makes certain that everything she does is done to perfection. In which two of the Big Five personality traits would Hannah most likely score high?

1. Openness to experience and emotional stability
2. Conscientiousness and emotional stability
3. Emotional stability and extroversion
4. Extroversion and openness to experience

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between Machiavellians and narcissists?

1. Machiavellians require more admiration than narcissists.
2. Machiavellians are more manipulative than narcissists.
3. Machiavellians are more arrogant than narcissists.
4. Machiavellians have a greater sense of entitlement than narcissists.

Question 8

According to Gordon Allport, ________ is defined as the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine a person's unique adjustments to his/her environment.

1. Heredity
2. Cognitive dissonance
3. Personality
4. Descent

Question 9

Eline works as a research executive at an environmental organization. Though her colleagues are helpful and friendly, because of her shy nature, she often eats her lunch at her desk and has limited interactions with them. She is glad that her nature of work does not require her to interact with her co-workers to a high extent. Which of the following types is Chamberlain most likely to be characterized as according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification?

1. Social
2. Introverted
3. Exhibitionist
4. Extraverted

Answers with chapter 2

Question 1

C. It is measured using the MPS score.

Question 2

C. Katie.

Question 3

D. Psychopathy.

Question 4

D. Personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with.

Question 5

C. Extraverted/introverted.

Question 6

A. Openness to experience and emotional stability.

Question 7

B. Machiavellians are more manipulative than narcissists.

Question 8

C. Personality.

Question 9

B. Introverted.

How do emotions and mood influence employees? - ExamTests 3

Questions with chapter 3

Question 1

Which of the following is an example of emotion?

1. Tim got surprised by his sudden promotion.
2. Ellen has not been feeling well about her job, but she’s not sure why.
3. Rose has had a bad day and he’s been feeling very negative all evening.
4. Marloes got fired few weeks ago and she has been depressed since then.

Question 2

Tamara is a shop assistant. When she deals with unpleasant customers, she is very patient, because she knows it is not personal and the person might be having a bad day. Which emotion regulation strategy it is?

1. Mindfulness
2. Emotional suppression
3. Cognitive reappraisal
4. Deep acting

Question 3

Felix proposed that the desire to reduce dissonance is determined by three moderating factors including the ________.

1. Values of the elements creating the dissonance
2. Degree of influence the individual believes he or she has over the elements
3. Degree of positive affect the person has toward the behavior
4. Fact that values and attitudes will vary over the short term

Question 4

Which of the following terms best describes feelings that tend to be less intense than
emotions?

1. Affect
2. Reactions
3. Moods
4. Thoughts

Question 5

Esther works at a software company, in charge of the help desk. After being yelled at by a customer about the state of her company's software, she becomes angry, and has to take a short break to calm down. What makes her anger an emotion, rather than a mood?

1. It is a simple, unambiguous feeling.
2. Her response is prolonged.
3. It is triggered by situation.
4. Her response is not accompanied by facial expressions.

Question 6

Katie works as a receptionist at a fashion magazine. One morning, her boss walks into the office and yells at her, telling her that the front office is a mess and she needs to clean it immediately. After her boss leaves the room, Katie goes to the front office and violently slams trash into the bin. Which of the following best describes Madison's anger?

1. Recognition
2. Insight
3. Mood
4. Emotion

Answers with chapter 3

Question 1

A. Tim got surprised by his sudden promotion.

Question 2

C. Cognitive reappraisal.

Question 3

B. Degree of influence the individual believes he or she has over the elements.

Question 4

C. Moods.

Question 5

C. It is triggered by situation.

Question 6

D. Emotion.

How do attitudes and job satisfaction influence the workplace? - ExamTests 4

Questions with chapter 4

Question 1

Ollie told his girlfriend he really likes his new colleagues. What did Ollie express?

1. An attitude
2. A mood
3. A dynamic affective mental state
4. An emotion.

Question 2

Carl told his friends that the new IT system at his work is well-organized and efficient, he is very happy with it. Which component of an attitude did Carl express?

1. Cognitive and affective component.
2. Cognitive, affective, and behavioural component.
3. Affective and behavioural component.
4. Cognitive component.

Question 3

Dylan identifies strongly with his job as a teacher, his work and the impact he has on his students is very important to his well-being. Which job attitude does it reflect?

1. High job involvement
2. High organizational commitment
3. Job satisfaction
4. High psychological empowerment

Question 4

Patty experiences high job satisfaction as a result of responsibility for outcomes of her work. Which of the core job dimensions does it represent?

1. Autonomy
2. Feedback
3. Task significance
4. Task identity

Question 5

Sheanine has recently joined a hospital as a part of the internship program prescribed by the nursing school she attends. Sheanine, who was inspired to take up this profession by the story of Florence Nightingale, has very strong ideals about how she should behave as a nurse. She feels that as a nurse she must be gentle, pleasant, and caring at all times so she can serve her patients well, and she often goes to great lengths as an intern by putting in extra hours at the hospital and so on. The scenario reflects Sheanine's ________.

1. Role fuzziness
2. Role perception
3. Role conflict
4. Role ambiguity

Question 6

Which of the following describes the difference between employee attitude and employee stress?

1. Employee attitude is the judgement made by employees about their job. Employee stress is an unpleasant response to workplace pressure.
2. Employee attitude is an unpleasant response to workplace pressure. Employee stress is the judgement made by employees about their job.
3. Employee attitude is purely physical; whereas, employee stress is purely psychological.
4. Employee attitude is purely psychological; whereas, employee stress is purely physical.

Question 7

The ______ component of an attitude is the emotional or feeling component of that attitude.

1. Behavioral
2. Affective
3. Cognitive
4. Evaluative

Question 8

Daryl heads an ad agency in New York and regularly needs to work with copywriters, artists, and designers to come up with effective branding solutions for products. For one of the company's esteemed clients, Wang and her team need to brainstorm ideas for a slogan for the client's new line of clothing. In such a situation, why
is it particularly important for Wang to keep her team happy?

1. People take a long time at processing information when they are in a good mood.
2. People tend to weigh all options to make less likely decisions when in a good mood.
3. People are less likely to use rules of thumb when they are in a good mood.
4. People are more creative and produce more ideas when they are in a good mood.

Question 9

The ________ theory is also known as the social cognitive theory or the social learning theory.

1. Self-determination
2. Goal-setting
3. Self-efficacy
4. Reinforcement

Answers with chapter 4

Question 1

A. An attitude.

Question 2

A. Cognitive and affective component.

Question 3

A. High job involvement.

Question 4

4. Autonomy.

Question 5

B. Role perception.

Question 6

A. Employee attitude is the judgement made by employees about their job.

Question 7

B. Affective.

Question 8

D. People are more creative and produce more ideas when they are in a good mood.

Question 9

C. Self-efficacy.

Why do people not see eye to eye? - ExamTests 5

Questions with chapter 5

Question 1

Anja has a negative attitude towards her boss, which affects how she perceives her. Which category of factors that affect perception does it belong to:

1. Factor in the situation
2. Factor in the perceiver
3. Factor in the target
4. Overall factors

Question 2

Chantal is the only person in her football team that has scored a goal in every match. In the last game, she played as well as always. According to the attribution theory, her behaviour will be attributed:

1. Externally
2. Both internally and externally
3. Internally because of high consensus
4. Internally because of high consistency

Question 3

In which of the following situations does the randomness error play a role?

1. Jora always touches her lucky coin before entering her car to have good luck with theamount of green light stops on the way to work.
2. John tells a lie to a coworker, but the co-worker already knew the truth.
3. Alice sees a person in the street that is very similar to her friend and greets her.
4. Ella believes that if he studies three hours each day his performance at school will increase.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT an example of a creative outcome:

1. Alice's start up proposal is novel, but potential stakeholders find it too time-consuming.
2. John has improved communication system in his department.
3. Tara found an original way to address a big issue her team was facing.
4. Piet comes up with a new, more efficient organizing system for his documents.

Question 5

Peter is a manager and his decisions are based solely on their outcome and consequences. Which ethical decision-making aspect does it represent?

1. Being truthful
2. Intuition
3. Utilitarianism
4. Behavioural ethics

Question 6

What factor does NOT influence the link between goals and performance?

1. Work dynamics
2. Goal commitment
3. Task characteristics
4. Performance feedback

Question 7

________ is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment.

1. Cognitive dissonance
2. Environmental analysis
3. Perception
4. Social verification

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true regarding perception?

1. Our perception of reality is independent of our past experiences.
2. Our perception of reality is independent of our personality.
3. The context of the situation in which the perception is made has little effect on our perception of reality.
4. Our perception of reality can be different from the objective reality.

Question 9

Kim and Hannah started working at a Human Resources firm as recruiters on the same day and have the same position. Both women have been meeting their placement goals and are both very well liked within the organization. Because Hannah lives almost 60 miles away, she sometimes works 9-6 to avoid traffic rather than the 8-5 that Sarah works. Jackson, their supervisor, awarded Kim the "Employee of the Month" award for her outstanding work. Which influence of perception is at work in this situation?

1. Perceiver: Jackson thinks because Hannah arrives at 9 that she must not be working a full day.
2. Perceiver: Hannah thinks she is entitled to special privilege because she is meeting her goals.
3. Target: Kim arrives on time so people think she is doing her job better than Hannah.
4. Situation: Since the office opens at 8, Kim is more conscientious than Hannah.

Question 10

Because it is impossible for us to assimilate everything we see, we engage in ________.

1. Selective perception
2. Cognitive dissonance
3. Self-serving bias
4. Emotional labor

Question 11

Wob believes Roy is a hardworking individual because Roy always dresses nicely and wears well-tailored suits. Which short-cut is Wob using to judge Roy?

1. Contrast effect
2. Halo effect
3. Self-serving bias
4. Framing effect

Question 12

You have heard that the teacher believes that men perform better in oral presentations than women. What shortcut has the teacher used in this case?

1. Halo effect
2. Contrast effect
3. Hindsight bias
4. Stereotyping

Question 13

Role perception indicates ________.

1. The skills required for performing the job
2. The social norms that are to be followed while performing the role
3. Our view of how we're supposed to act in a given situation
4. Others' belief regarding how you should act in a given situation

Question 14

Which of the following biases is known as assuming one is more likely to answer factual questions correctly than that one will actually be able to?

1. Overconfidence bias
2. Hindsight bias
3. Availability bias
4. Confirmation bias

Answers with chapter 5

Question 1

B. Factor in the perceiver.

Question 2

D. Internally because of high consistency.

Question 3

A. Jora always touches her lucky coin before entering her car to have good luck with the
amount of green light stops on the way to work.

Question 4

A. Alice's start up proposal is novel, but potential stakeholders find it too time-consuming.

Question 5

C. Utilitarianism.

Question 6

A. Work dynamics.

Question 7

C. Perception.

Question 8

D. Our perception of reality can be different from the objective reality.

Question 9

A. Perceiver

Question 10

A. Selective perception.

Question 11

B. Halo effect.

Question 12

D. Stereotyping.

Question 13

C. Our view of how we're supposed to act in a given situation.

Question 14

A. Overconfidence bias.

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