Dengue Fever: what is it, how dangerous is it, how do you get it, and should you vaccinate?

What is Dengue Fever?

• Dengue fever is also called "breakbone fever" or just "dengue"
• This virus is also transmitted by mosquitoes, particularly in densely populated areas of the (sub)tropics.
• The dengue mosquitoes are mainly active during the day (so watch your ankles on buses, trains, and even airplanes) and mostly during the rainy season.
• In the past, the virus was rare, but in recent years it has spread rapidly. The disease is becoming increasingly common among travelers.

What are the symptoms of dengue fever?

• Sudden onset of high fever with chills - nausea, vomiting - severe headache - loss of appetite - sore throat - nosebleeds - bleeding gums
• The fever can subside after a few days and then return later.
• Some people experience fatigue and muscle aches.
• Some people experience fatigue for weeks or even months.
• On the other hand, the symptoms can also be so mild that they pass before you even realize you have them.

What can you do to prevent dengue fever abroad or while traveling?

• If you are traveling to a dengue-risk area and are older than 4 years old, you can be vaccinated.
• The most important thing you can do to prevent it is to avoid mosquito bites.
• If you live or work in a (sub)tropical area where dengue fever occurs, try to avoid stagnant water in areas such as bowls, flowerpots, puddles, and car tires.
• Use DEET and mosquito-repellent clothing to prevent bites.
• Not only tropical but also subtropical countries are affected by dengue mosquitoes. So bring sufficient mosquito repellent for your travels to these destinations as well.

What can you do if you get dengue fever?

• The disease usually clears up on its own within a week.
• Treatment is primarily focused on managing pain and fever, for example, with paracetamol. Do not use ibuprofen or other blood thinners to prevent bleeding.
• Prevent dehydration by drinking enough.
• If someone is repeatedly infected with the virus, it can be more serious, even causing bleeding and shock.