Arresten en jurisprudentie: uittreksels en studiehulp - Thema
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International Court of Justice, Military and Paramilitary Activities in and Against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. UInited States of America), Judgement Merits, 27 juni 1986 - Arrest
International Court of Justice, Military and Paramilitary Activities in and Against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. UInited States of America), Judgement Merits, 27 juni 1986
Casus
De VS steunde een militaire opstand in El Salvador. Dit baseerden zij op het collectieve zelfverdedigingsrecht van El Salvador.
Rechtsvraag
Mag de VS zijn hulp aan de opstandelingen in El Salvador baseren op het collectieve zelfverdedigingsrecht?
Rechtsoverweging
Het Hof stelt dat het verbod op geweld behoort tot het gewoonterecht. Eenzijdig geweld is volgens het Hof alleen toegestaan als het recht op zelfverdediging bestaat. Het recht op collectieve zelfverdediging is er alleen als de staat die aangevallen wordt, ermee instemt. In dit geval was dit niet het geval. Geconcludeerd kan worden dat het gewoonterecht geen basis biedt voor collectieve zelfverdediging op basis van het oordeel van één staat.
Tevens ter sprake in dit arrest is de interpretatie van het gewapende conflict. Het hof stelt dat als er sprake is van een gewapend conflict, er twee aanvullende voorwaarden noodzakelijk zijn om de aanval te rechtvaardigen. Ten eerste moet het noodzakelijk zijn en ten tweede proportioneel.
Arresten en jurisprudentie
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