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Placanica (Cases C-338/04, C-359/04 & C-360/04) - Arrest

Placanica (HvJ 06-03-2007, Zaken C-338/04, C-359/04 & C-360/04)

Verzetten art. 43 en 49 EG zich tegen een nationaal wettelijke regeling inzake kansspelen die welke in de hoofdzaken aan de orde is, voor zover deze dergelijke kenmerken heeft?

HvJEG

Het Hof heeft reeds bepaald dat de nationale wettelijke regeling, op grond waarvan het verboden is om zonder een door de staat verleende vergunning of concessie activiteiten te verrichten in de sector kansspelen, beperkingen van de vrijheid van vestiging en het vrij verrichten van diensten meebrengt. Er moet dan ook worden onderzocht of de beperkingen kunnen worden gerechtvaardigd door dwingende redenen van algemeen belang.

De beperkingen dienen in ieder geval zonder discriminatie te worden toegepast. Het Hof heeft bepaald dat de nationale regeling een op her eerste gezicht een beperking van de vrijheid van vestiging vormt.

Teven is er bepaald dat: ter bescherming van de rechten die de marktdeelnemers aan de rechtstreekse werking van het gemeenschapsrecht ontlenen, mits die regels niet ongunstiger zijn dan die welke voor soortgelijke situaties krachtens nationaal recht gelden (gelijkwaardigheidsbeginsel) en de uitoefening van de door de communautaire rechtsorde verleende rechten in de praktijk niet onmogelijk of uiterst moeilijk maken (doeltreffendheidsbeginsel). De artikelen 43 en 49 EG moeten dus in die zin worden uitgelegd dat zij zich verzetten tegen een nationale regeling.

Als laatste bepaalt men dat hoewel in beginsel het strafrecht tot de bevoegdheid van de lidstaten behoort, het gemeenschapsrecht volgens vaste rechtspraak grenzen stelt aan die bevoegdheid. Het strafrecht mag namelijk niet het door de gemeenschapsrecht gewaarborgde fundamentele vrijheden niet beperken.

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