Connected presence refers to people always being online and connected to others. Online communication offers tools to generate relatedness when physical presence is not possible. Partner phubbing refers to the extent to which an individual uses or is distracted by one’s cell phone while in the company of the relationship partner. This could undermine relationship satisfaction, commitment, intimacy and closeness. There are three important stages for relationships:The initiation or formation of the relationship.The maintenance of the relationship.The dissolution of the relationship. In the first stage, the nature of the relationship is determined. One important goal of this stage is uncertainty reduction. This can be achieved through passive strategies (e.g. observation) (1), active strategies (e.g. talking to others) (2) and interactive strategies (e.g. talk with the person) (3). Online communication has amplified the potential for dating partners to engage in communication employing any of the three strategies. Mobile devices ease the obstacles of first real contact and makes ongoing contact easier. The perceived risk and costs of examining possible partners is also lower in online dating because rejection is nearly invisible. Online dating requires low effort and engagement, allowing to maintain contact with multiple partners. Virtual relationships tend to be less intimate than face-to-face relationships. Online devices also opens ways to test strategies and experiment with ideas on how to get into contact and start a relationship and how to display affection and how to maintain high frequency contact. Electronic communication allows for greater control. The greater control leads to less anxiety in online contact. The maintenance stage is characterized by strategic communication to ensure the continued existence and desired level of closeness in the relationship. There are several strategies of relationship maintenance:Engaging in...