PsychologyChapter 9Memory and attention Information-processing theories are built on a set of assumptions concerning how humans acquire, store and retrieve information.Key assumptions:An individual has limited mental resources in processing information.Information moves through a system of stores. Information this brought into the mind by way of the sensory systems, and then it can be manipulated in various ways, placed into long-term storage, and retrieved when needed to solve a problem.The model we use to portray the mind as containing three types of memory stores.Sensory memoryShort-term (or working) memoryLong-term memoryEach store is characterized by its function, its capacity and its duration.In addition to the stores, the model specifies a set of control processes.AttentionRehearsalEncodingRetrievalThose govern the processing of information within stores and the movement of information from one store to another.Sensory memory: the brief prolongation of sensory experienceThis trace is called sensory memory.A separate sensory-memory store is believed to exist for each sensory system (like vision, hearing, touch, smell and taste), but only those for vision and hearing have been studied extensively.Each sensory store is presumed to hold, very briefly, all the sensory input that enters that sensory system, whether or not the person is paying attention to that input.The function of the...