Examtests with Introduction to Behavioral Research Methods by Leary - 6th edition

What are the important elements for research in the behavioural sciences? - ExamTests 1

MC-questions with chapter 1

Question 1

In which phase of a study is the working hypothesis formulated?

1. Observation
2. Induction
3. Deduction
4. Review

Question 2

Take a look at the two definitions of the concept of ‘performance motivation’ below.

1. Someone has the goal to build a house of cards which exists of 10 floors. Performance motivation refers to the number of times someone tries to reach this goal before giving up.
2. Performance motivation is the ability to move oneself towards a certain achievement.

Are these definitions conceptual or operational?

1. Both are operational
2. Both are conceptual
3. I is operational; II is conceptual
4. I is conceptual; II is operational

Question 3

A researcher wants to study to what extent giftedness in children in primary school is associated with behavioral problems in the classroom. What kind of research is fit to study this research question?

1. Descriptive research
2. Correlational research
3. Experimental research
4. Quasi-experimental research

Question 4

A study examines the relationship between gender, age and social skills. Which of these variables can only be an independent variable?

1. Sex
2. Age
3. Sex and age
4. All three variables can be both dependent and independent variables.

Question 5

When a hypothesis arises because a researcher thinks there is a certain coherence in the data based on previous research, this hypothesis is based on:

1. Deduction
2. Falsification
3. Strong inference
4. Empirical generalization

Answers MC questions with chapter 1

Question 1

C. Deduction

Question 2

C. I is operational; II is conceptual

Question 3

B. Correlational research

Question 4

C. Sex and age

Question 5

D. Empirical generalization

What does variability mean? - ExamTests 2

MC-questions with chapter 2

Question 1

We compare the averages of three groups with each other and want to determine the explained variance. The group averages are 4.2, 6.1 and 8.3, while the large average (calculated over all persons) is 6.3. How big is the contribution of a person in the first group to the SS(in between)?

1. 4.2
2. 4.2²
3. -(2.1)²
4. (-2.1) ²

Question 2

We want to explain a certain variable Y from another variable X. What applies to the sums of squares?

1. SS(Y) = SS(Inside) + SS(Between)
2. SS(Intermediate) = SS(Y) + SS(Inside)
3. SS(Inside) = SS(Intermediate) + SS(Y)
4. None of the first three alternatives

Question 3

If in an experiment the dependent variable (Y) is partly explained by the independent variable (X), the total variance of Y can be split into:

1. Treatment variance + error variance
2. Confound variance + error variance
3. Systematic variance + between groups variance
4. Systematic variance + within groups variance

Answers MC questions with chapter 2

Question 1

D. (-2.1)²

Question 2

A. SS(Y) = SS(Inside) + SS(Between)

Question 3

D. Systematic variance + within groups variance

How can behavior be measured? - ExamTests 3

MC-questions with chapter 3

Question 1

In a study the variable Intelligence is measured in the following way:

1. = IQ lower than 80
2. = IQ between 81 and 90
3. = IQ between 91 and 110
4. = IQ between 111 and 120
5. = IQ higher than 120

What measurement level does this variable have?

1. Nominal
2. Ordinal
3. Interval
4. Ratio

Question 2

Reliability relates to ... errors; you can determine the extent to which these errors are present / play a role, by means of ... .

1. Random-; Repeated measurement
2. Random-; Measuring with two different instruments
3. Systematic; Repeated measurement
4. Systematic; Measurement with two different instruments

Question 3

A study advisor tries to predict study success. He takes a questionnaire from a group of prospective students that measures motivation. At the end of their first year, he examines whether these students have successfully completed their study year. He then determines the correlation with the scores on the motivation questionnaire. What kind of validity is involved here?

1. Concurrent criterion validity
2. Predictive criterion validity
3. Convergent construct validity
4. Discriminatory construct validity

Question 4

A researcher has determined that higher levels of testosterone in men are associated with increased risky behavior while driving. In a follow-up study, he finds the same relationship in a sample of women. What kind of validity is this an example of?

1. Statistical conclusion validity
2. Internal validity
3. External validity
4. Construct validity

Question 5

Someone claims that Hanna's score on a variable is twice as big as Oscar's score. What measurement level does the variable need to have in order to make this statement?

1. Nominal
2. Ordinal
3. Interval
4. Ratio

Answers MC questions with chapter 3

Question 1

B. Ordinal

Question 2

A. Random-; Repeated measurement

Question 3

B. Predictive validity

Question 4

C. External validity

Question 5

D. Ratio

What are the different approaches to psychological measurement? - ExamTests 4

MC-questions with chapter 4

Question 1

Leary mentions a number of pros and cons of open versus closed MC-questions with chapter. Consider the following two statements:

1. A disadvantage of closed MC-questions with chapter is that the researcher has no control over the answer that the respondent gives.
2. A disadvantage of closed MC-questions with chapter is that their processing takes more time.

Here applies:

1. Both theorems are correct
2. Only statement I is correct
3. Only proposition II is correct
4. Both statements are incorrect

Question 2

In his book, Leary discusses four categories of data collection methods. Which of the alternatives below does not belong to one of those categories?

1. Observation
2. Self-reporting
3. Content-analysis
4. Archival research

Answers MC questions with chapter 4

Question 1

D. Both statements are incorrect

Question 2

C. Content analysis

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