People only want to invest money in a project if they are convinced that it is a good investment. The process of identifying, presenting and quantifying the value that a system generates is referred to as making the business case.To prove that an information system adds value to the organization, managers must provide strong arguments and evidence. If you are working in the field of finance, marketing, management or accounting then it is likely that you have to make the case for new or existing information systems.Before a company will invest in a new information system, the system is first proposed. Making the business case is important for this proposition because it shows whether an investment adds value.It is relatively easy to identify the costs that arise when a new IS is developed. However, quantifying the tangible productivity is much harder. There has been a lot of research in the past years about the impact of investments in IS on worker productivity. They have found cases where salaries, IS expenditures and number of IS staff have increased. Unfortunately, the results from the investments are often disappointing.It is hard to identify if expenditures on technologies lead to increased productivity. Information systems may increase productivity but it possible that at the same time, other forces have reduced productivity. Examples of such factors are government regulations and taxes.It should be that technology investments increase the productivity of the organization. However, there are cases where information systems have led to less effective communication and less productivity. This contradiction is known as the productivity paradox. There are several factors that lead to this productivity paradox of information systems:Measurement problems Organizations often measure the wrong thing; they measure efficiency...