A Conceptual Introduction to Psychometrics - Mellenbergh - 1st edition 2017
Psychometric terminology sometimes differs depending on the types of test applications.A psychological or educational test: an instrument for the measurement of a person’s maximum or typical performance under standardized conditions, where the performance is assumed to reflect one or more latent attributes.A test is defined to be a measurement instrument. It is for measurement in the first place.A test is defined to measure performance. Two types of performance:Maximum performance tests ask the person to do his or her best to solve one or more problems. The answer can vary incorrectly.Typical performance tests ask the person to respond to one or more tasks where the responses are typical for the person. The person’s responses can not be evaluated on correctness, but they typify the person.Performance is measured under standardized conditions.Test performance must reflect one or more latent attributes. The test performance is observable, but the latent attributes cannot be observed.Tests are distinguished from surveys. It is not assumed that survey questions reflect a latent attribute.Subtest: an independent part of a test.A (sub)test consists of one or more items.Item: the smallest possible subtest of a test. The building blocks of a test.A test consisting of n items is called a n-item test.One or more latent attributes affect test performance....
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