Acculturation refers to phenomena which result when groups of individuals having different cultures come into continuous first-hand contact with subsequent changes in the original cultural patterns of either or both groups.Gordon’s unidimensional acculturation model states that acculturation is a process of change in the direction of the mainstream culture. The outcome is adaptation to the mainstream culture. Unidimensional models are controversial as migrants more often desire to have a bicultural identity due to the increasing magnitude of migration and a change in the view of migrants (i.e. more accepting climate). Berry’s bidimensional acculturation model states that the degree of acculturation depends on the degree of adaptation and the degree of cultural maintenance. This leads to several strategies:Integration (i.e. biculturalism)This refers to the combination of both cultures and has the preference of migrants. SeparationThis refers to maintaining the original culture and not adapting to the host culture.AssimilationThis refers to complete absorption of the host culture with loss of the original culture.MarginalisationThis refers to the loss of the original culture without adapting to the host culture (i.e. negative view of both cultures). It is important to take acculturation into account with assessment as it is necessary to know whether the person is part of the population on which an instrument has been tested and whether the instrument can measure the intended construct with that person (e.g. may not be possible due to implicit assumptions of the instrument about general knowledge). Acculturation can be a moderator of test performance. A culture refers to a largely shared, unchanging and internalised sets of beliefs, values and practices which are transmitted across generations and which constrain human behaviour in context. Individuals differ in their level and strategy of acculturation. To measure acculturation, it...