Processing irrelevant visual information sometimes activates incorrect response impulses. The engagement of cognitive control to suppress these impulses and make proactive adjustments to reduce the future impact of incorrect impulses may rely on the integrity of frontal-basal ganglia circuitry. In Parkinson’s disease, motor symptom severity is associated with within-trial (i.e. on-line) control of response impulses. This implies that basal ganglia dysfunction produced by Parkinson’s disease has selective effects on cognitive control mechanisms engaged to resolve response conflict. The primary deficits are in the on-line suppression of incorrect responses occurring in the context of a relatively spared ability to adjust control proactively and minimize future conflict. Inhibition of stimulus-driven response impulses can be beneficial to the speed and accuracy of emitted responses. However, activation of an unwanted response may also interfere with selection of a desired response or lead to response error. On-line control refers to mechanisms to suppress incorrect response activation. Proactive control refers to adjusting control mechanisms to better adapt to future response conflict. Response interference tasks induce conflict between a response impulse that is driven automatically by an irrelevant feature of a stimulus display and a response that is selected deliberately by the processing of relevant stimulus features. In the Simon task, people have to make a hand movement towards a spatial location as indicated by a coloured circle. The Simon effect refers to the detrimental influence on performance of non-corresponding trials relative to the facilitative influence of corresponding trials. Non-corresponding means that the spatial location of the trial (i.e. hemisphere wise) is incongruent with the preferred movement. This is typically explained through dual-route processing models. These models state that the spatial location or the...


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WorldSupporter Resources
Clinical Developmental & Health Psychology – Full course summary (UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM)

Clinical Developmental & Health Psychology – Full course summary (UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM)

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This bundle contains all the information needed for the for the course "Clinical Developmental & Health Psychology" given at the University of Amsterdam. It contains lecture information, information from the relevant books and all the articles. The following is included:

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