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In the past, addiction was seen as a choice and under full control of the addicted person. The addict was seen as a transgressor engaged in morally wrong behaviour. The inability to control the use of substances was seen as the core of addiction. There is physical and psychological dependence. In the past, the measurement of addiction consisted of measuring the withdrawal. Addiction is not the same as a lack of control. Addiction refers to a brain disorder characterised by compulsive behaviour. It is the inability to control despite awareness of the serious negative consequences on daily life. The attempts to reduce or quit substance use fail. A simplified view of addiction is that there is an imbalance between approach-oriented motivational system and a regulatory control system in the brain. Repeated use of a substance leads to a sensitized and conditioned response to cues associated with the substance. In the case of addiction, the behavioural control is compromised. The reinforcement learning network (1), the executive control network (2) and salience network (3) are involved in the development of addictive behaviours. The salience network is the hub for emotion regulation (1), salience attribution (2) and integration of affective information into decision making (3). The reinforcement learning network is the hub for associative learning from both positive and negative behavioural outcomes. It is involved in the development of automatic and habitual behaviour. The executive control network is the main substrate for relatively cold executive functions (e.g. processing events of low emotional salience). It is involved in executive control (e.g. attention, working memory, inhibition). The clinical symptoms of addiction include loss of control (1), social problems (2), pharmacological consequences (3) and high-risk use (4). The more symptoms a person has, the more severe the addiction is. The environment plays an important role in the...
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Clinical Developmental & Health Psychology – Lecture summary (UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM)
This bundle contains all the lectures included in the course "Clinical Developmental & Health Psychology" given at the University of Amsterdam. The lectures include the articles. The following is included:
Lecture 1 (Evolution and development of disorders)
Del Giudice (2016); Li, van Vught, & Colarelli (2018)Lecture 2 (Infant cognition)
Hunnius (2007); Geeraerts et al. (2019)Lecture 3 (Diagnostics and treatment of anxiety)
Hudson et al.
Clinical Developmental & Health Psychology – Full course summary (UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM)
This bundle contains all the information needed for the for the course "Clinical Developmental & Health Psychology" given at the University of Amsterdam. It contains lecture information, information from the relevant books and all the articles. The following is included:
- “Del Giudice (2016). The evolutionary future of psychopathology.” – Article summary
- “Geeraerts et al. (2018). Individual differences in visual attention and self-regulation: A multimethod longitudinal study from infancy to toddlerhood.” – Article summary
- “Hunnius (2007). The early development of visual attention and its implications for social and cognitive development.” – Article summary
- “Li, van Vught, & Colarelli (2018). Corrigendum:
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