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Every culture provides a symptom pool of recognized and discussed symptoms that lead people to express their inner conflicts in a familiar language. There are cultural differences in the extent to which certain mental illnesses are prevalent and in the extent to which certain symptoms are part of mental disorders. There is also a difference in the way mental illnesses are perceived and dealt with (i.e. stigma). There is a difference in psychologization and somatization of depression across cultures. This might be due to the social stigma associated with the disorder (1) and a different focus on internal emotional states across cultures (2). It is not a good idea to use a therapist from a different culture than the patient. Cross-cultural psychotherapy leads to higher drop-out rates (1) and less effective treatment (2). It is more effective to make use of culturally adapted psychotherapy. However, this requires cultural competence. This can be achieved by recognizing one’s own cultural influence (1), developing knowledge about the cultural background of a patient (2) and develop appropriate skills to be able to intervene in the therapy session in a way that is culturally sensitive and relevant (3). A therapist needs to be flexible about when it is appropriate to generalize from a client’s culture to mainstream culture and when it is more appropriate to individualize the client. There are universal syndromes (table 1), mental disorders that exist in all cultures, although cultural differences can exist in prevalence and symptom expression. Culture bound syndromes (table 2) are syndromes that appear to be greatly influenced by cultural factors.DISORDERPRESUMED CAUSES CULTURAL DIFFERENCESDepressionNeurotransmitter imbalance, stress associated with tragic life events.Difference in prevalence across cultures.Psychologization in Western cultures.Somatization in Eastern cultures.SchizophreniaGenetic factors, prenatal...
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Cultural Psychology by S.J. Heine (third edition) – Book summary
This bundle makes use of the book: "Cultural Psychology by S.J. Heine (third edition)" and several articles.
The following chapters of the book are used:
-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14.
Cultural Psychology – Interim exam 1 summary (UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM)
This bundle contains a summary for the first interim exam of the course "Cultural Psychology" taught at the University of Amsterdam. This contains the book: "Cultural Psychology by S.J. Heine (third edition)".
The following chapters of the book are used:
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 14
Cultural Psychology – Summary full (UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM)
This bundle contains a summary for the course "Cultural Psychology" taught at the University of Amsterdam. This contains the book: "Cultural Psychology by S.J. Heine (third edition)" and several articles.
The following chapters of the book are used:
-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14.
The following articles are used:
- Gendron, Crivelli, & Barrett (2018). Universality reconsidered: Diversity in making meaning of facial expressions.
- Henrich, Heine, & Norenzayan (2010). Most people are not WEIRD.
- Miyamoto, Nisbett, & Masuda (2006). Culture and the physical environment.
- Plaut, Markus, Treadway, &
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