Self-concept refers to all of an individual’s knowledge about his or her personal qualities. People construct the self-concept by interpreting various types of cues. There are several cues we use when learning about our self:BehaviourPeople learn about their self by interpreting their own behaviour.Thoughts and feelings Interpretation of our own thoughts and feelings is an important cue to learning who we are. It plays a bigger role in constructing our self than our behaviour.Other people’s reactionsThe reaction of our people is a source for self-knowledge. Other people’s reactions have the largest effect on people whose self-concepts are uncertain or still developing. Social comparisonPeople learn about the self by comparing themselves to others. It is best to compare with someone with a similar skill level.The self-perception theory states that we judge ourselves on the behaviours we show when the internal cues are almost non-existent. The over-justification effect states that we lose a part of our intrinsic motivation when we receive extrinsic motivation. The social comparison theory states that people learn about and evaluate their personal qualities to others. The contrast effect occurs when people compare themselves with someone whose skill is very different than theirs at something and their self-concept of that skill with either be extremely good or extremely bad. People see the contrast of what they compare themselves with if the skill level is not similar. The assimilation effect occurs when we compare ourselves with someone with a similar skill level and see ourselves as slightly better. The attributes that distinguish us most from others often become defining features of the self.People characterise the self and close others as flexible and variable. We see others as different because of differences in cues and knowledge (e.g: we don’t have access to inner thoughts) (1) and differences in inferences (2). The actor-...