Current psychotherapiesChapter 2Psychoanalytical psychotherapies Psychoanalysis is a distinctive form of psychological treatment, and a model of psychological functioning, human development, and psychopathology. There is a host of different theories and treatment models that have developed over more than a century.Certain basic principles that tend to cut across different psychoanalytic perspectives are 1) an assumption that all human beings are motivated in part by wishes, fantasies, or tactic knowledge that is outside of awareness (unconscious motivation), 2) an interest in facilitating awareness of unconscious motivations, thereby increasing choice, 3) an emphasis on exploring the ways in which we avoid painful or threatening feelings, fantasies, and thoughts, 4) an assumption that we are ambivalent about changing and an emphasis on the importance of exploring this ambivalence, 5) an emphasis on using the therapeutic relationship as an area for exploring clients’ self-defeating psychological processes and actions (both conscious and unconscious), 6) an emphasis on using the therapeutic relationship as an important vehicle of change, 7) an emphasis on helping clients to understand the way in which their own construction of their past and present plays a role in perpetuating their self-defeating patterns. The unconscious Rational understanding of the factors motivating our actions often proves inadequate. The unconscious is an area of physic functioning in which impulses and wishes, as well as certain memories, are...

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Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy

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This is a bundle about the ussage and efficacy of psychotherapy. This bundle contains the literature used in the course 'DSM-5 and psychotherapy' at the third year of psychology at the University of Amsterdam.