Clinical psychologyChapter 15Personality disordersThe personality disorders are a heterogeneous group of disorders defined by problems in forming a stably positive sense of self and with sustaining close and constructive relationships.People with personality disorders experience difficulties with their identity and their relationship in multiple domains of life, and these problems are sustained for years.Their personality problems are evident in cognition, emotion, relationships, and impulsive control. The symptoms of personality disorders are pervasive and persistent. The DSM-5 approach to classification In the DSM-5, the 10 different personality disorders are classified in three clusters, reflecting the idea that these disorders are characterized by:Odd or eccentric behaviorDramatic, emotional or erratic behaviorAnxious or fearful behaviorMany people with psychological disorder will also experience a personality disorder.Comorbid personality disorder are associated with more severe symptoms, poorer social functioning, and worse treatment outcomes for may conditions.Diagnostic reliability One issue in assessing personality disorders is whether people can accurately describe their own personalities.Many of the personality disorders may not be as enduring as the DSM asserts.Using structured interviews and multiple informants can improve reliability.Comorbidity Personality disorders tend to be comorbid with each other.Alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorders Reducing the number of personality disorders, incorporating...