Symptom validity testing Symptom validity testing is an aspect of neuropsychological testing where separate scales are used to establish the probability that a given test is affected by a tendency to fake bad, fake good or malingering. It happens quite frequently that patients are showing signs of doing so, not always knowing they are ‘faking’ their symptoms, nor knowing why they’re doing so. It is strongly advised to do more than one symptom validity test, to figure out whether the patient’s symptoms are real or not. La belle indifference means that a patient is indifferent to his or her symptoms. This is a sign of a psychological problem. A task example, shown by the lecturer, is to show two items, then show one of those items again and another, new item, and then ask the patient which item he or she has seen before. Whenever you see someone showing strange behaviour, the first thing you must ask yourself is if this person is in a (potential) delirious state. This is a psychotic state with changes in attention and consciousness, due to a(n) (underlying) somatic illness. You should state this first because it needs treatment. A delirious state can range from seconds to months after, for example, waking up from a coma. The difference between a delirious state and suffering from schizophrenia, is that when in a delirious state you are less ‘awake’ than when you’re schizophrenic. A delirious state is psychotic in nature but has a lower level of consciousness. During the lecture, some videos are shown and discussed. Video Wernicke-KorsakovA man in an acute phase of delirium is Korsakov is seen. He has gotten out of bed at 11 in the morning, which is strange for a man of his age. Apparently his night and day pattern has switched. He has forgotten about the name of his illness and whatever he is saying doesn’t add up, nor make sense (incoherence/associative thinking). He doesn’t finish his sentences and expresses single words only. He...