It studies the interaction between the brain and body through the nervous system Central nervous system – the brain and the spinal chordGanglion cells - cells that connect peripheral with central nervous systemPeripheral nervous system - Nerves connecting organs, muscles & spinal cord Neurotransmitter (transmits signals from cell to cell)Located in: central nervous system, acting as a neuromodulator (most abundant neurotransmitter)peripheral nervous system to activate musclesTransmits signals between motor nerves and skeletal muscles Alterations in the receptors found in: Parkinson and Alzheimer's diseases, schizophrenia, depression, epilepsy, diabetes, respiration disorders, some immunological disordersNicotine exerts its biological effects through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. In ex-smokers, nicotinic receptors take over a month to normalize. Autonomic nervous system:Composed by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systemSympathetic: fight or flightParasympathetic: rest and digestArtery: only sympatheticBladder: controlled by both systems. There is inhibition from the frontal lobe, but the limbic-system takes over when scared PupillometrySkin Conductance (Galvanic, electrodermal)Heart rate, Variability (HRV, IBI)Blood pressure (systolic, diastolic)Startle response, blinks (EMG)Respiration to understand how the brain controls the body (and vice versa)because physiological signals may serve as objective measures of cognition & emotion Test strength of visual masks on subjective (was there a spider?) and objective measures (SCR) in phobic personsUnconscious stimuli can...