Social psychologyChapter 11Interaction and performance in groupsInterdependence: each group member’s throughts, emotions, and behaviors influence the others’. Social facilitation: improvement and impairment Even when interdependence is minimal, the mere presence of others can produce arousal, either because the other people are highly evaluative or because they are distracting.Arousal improves performance of easy, well-learned behaviorsArousal often interferes with performance of novel or complex tasks.Social facilitation: an increase in the likelihood of hihgly accessible responses, and a decrease in the likelihood of less accessible responses, due to the persence of others.Even the virtual presence of virutal others can cause these effects.Evaluation apprehension When we focus on what other people think about us, it creates arousal, with sometimes postive and sometimes negative effects on performance.Most of the time, we want other people to value, include, and like us. Ou self-esteem is greatly affected by what others think of us.The presence of others who are in a posititon to judge us produces evaluation apprehension, which changes our performance in the way predicted by social facilitation theory.Distraction The presence of others can also disctract us from our task, also creating arousal and impacting performance. However, with specific types of tasks, distraction can focus us on taks-relevant cues, potentially improving performance.Others can distract us.Their mere presence causes us to think about them, to react to them...